A clinico-epidemiological study of trachoma in urban and rural population of Sagar District Madhya Pradesh, India
Study of active trachoma in Sagar District (MP)
Keywords:
Prevalence, risk factors, trachoma active, underserved areaAbstract
Background and Objectives: Trachoma is the most common cause of infectious blindness worldwide and despite various control programs, it persists, leads to significant ocular morbidity. In this article, we aim to determine the burden of trachoma and its related risk factors amongst the urban and rural populations of Sagar, Madhya Pradesh. Materials and Methods: Rapid assessment for trachoma was conducted in urban and rural Community Health Center (CHC) of Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar according to standard World Health Organization guidelines. An average of 60 children in rural CHC and 50 children in urban CHC aged 1-10 years was assessed clinically for signs of active trachoma with status of hygiene. Additionally, all adults above 15 years of age in these centers community were examined for evidence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) and corneal opacity. Environmental risk factors contributing to trachoma like limited access to potable water and functional latrine, presence of animal pen, hand wash and garbage within the urban and rural CHCs populations. Results: Overall, 18 of 110 children (16.36%; confidence interval [CI]: 9.5-23.2) had evidence of follicular stage of trachoma and 12 children (10.91%; CI: 5.2-16.6) had evidence of intense trachomatous inflammation intense and scarring stages trachomatous scarring of trachoma. Nearly 19 (17.27%; CI: 10.3-24.2) children were noted to have unclean faces and 17 (15.45%; CI: 8.8-22.1) children were found with unclean hands in both the centers. TTs & TO was noted in 19 adults (1.05%; CI: 0.8-1.2). The environmental sanitation was not found to be satisfactory in the study centers mainly due to the co-habitance of people with domestic animals like pigs, hens, goats, dogs, etc., in most (66.67%) of the person households. Conclusion: Active trachoma and trachomatous trichiasis were observed actively in both urban and rural populations wherein trachoma surveillance and control measures are needed.
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