Nontuberculous mycobacteria and bronchiectasis: Nontuberculous mycobacteria and bronchiectasis

Concepción Prados Sánchez; Gabriela González; Sarai Quirós Fernández; María Martínez Redondo; Alberto Mangas Moro

Authors

Concepción Prados Sánchez Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Unit, Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación IdiPaz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
Gabriela González Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Unit, Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación IdiPaz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
Sarai Quirós Fernández Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Unit, Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación IdiPaz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
María Martínez Redondo Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Unit, Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación IdiPaz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
Alberto Mangas Moro Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Unit, Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación IdiPaz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain

Keywords:

Bronchiectasis, diagnosis, nontuberculous mycobacteria, treatment, prognosis

Abstract

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous microorganisms in our environment. Although data are not truthful, we can say that we are experiencing an increase in the incidence-prevalence of infections by these microorganisms, especially in vulnerable population such as those with certain respiratory diseases, such as bronchiectasis (BQ). In all species NTM, the most studied is Mycobacterium avium complex, although the M abscessus is considered the most serious species in cystic fibrosis (CF) and M. xenopi in non-CF BQ. They described five clinical forms, the most frequent nodular/bronchiectasis and severe disseminated. The diagnosis of NTM lung disease in BQ is complicated, and continues to rely on three variables: clinical, radiological and microbiological. Given this difficulty, many suggest an observation period before starting a treatment, not always well tolerated and with side effects. Although morbidity and mortality is not high, they have been described risk factors that make it essential early treatment to avoid further serious complications.

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Nontuberculous mycobacteria and bronchiectasis