Metabolism and Translational Medicine

Role of gut microbiota in the 5-hydroxytryptamine signal transduction mechanism

2023-05-08T13:25:05+08:00

As a neurotransmitter, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) plays a variety of regulatory roles in the brain, including affecting mood, memory, circadian rhythm, and other aspects. However, the brain contains only approximately 10% of the 5-HT in humans. Ninety percent of the 5-HT is produced and stored in the gut. 5-HT in the gut is involved in the regulation of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), colitis, obesity, and other diseases. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the bioactivity of 5-HT is necessary. The gut microbiota has been reported to affect 5-HT synthesis and function, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. This review focuses on the production of 5-HT, its relationship with gut microbiota, its mechanism of action in different disease progression processes, and the biological effects of its derivative 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.

Platelet metabolic remodeling in thrombosis

2023-09-01T13:56:43+08:00

Many human diseases are associated with hyperactivity of platelet metabolism. Understanding in detail the connection between metabolic changes and platelet activation state is an indispensable part of thrombosis treatment. This review describes changes in the energy metabolism of platelets during thrombosis and their potential molecular mechanisms. The metabolic flexibility of energy substrate selection in activated platelets is discussed briefly, along with strategies by which platelet activation and thrombosis formation can be blocked by targeting activated platelet metabolism.

Metabolic medicine: The mechanism of metabolic influence on diseases of various systems

2023-05-08T13:30:28+08:00

Metabolism affects or is influenced by almost every other biological activity. With the deepening of medical research, understanding the nature of natural metabolism is the primary means to solve complicated diseases. Therefore, starting from metabolism, starting from the root, starting from the pathophysiological basis, and realizing the transformation from the underlying mechanism to clinical medicine will be the way that the scientific research community must go for a long time in the future. This review mainly discusses that metabolites produced by some major metabolic pathways, such as glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, are important signal transmitters and regulators of activity. It expounds on the role of metabolism in various system diseases, including cardiovascular system diseases, nervous system diseases, endocrine system diseases, and intestinal microbial system diseases, from the levels of metabolites, proteins, organelles, tissues, and systemic physiology.

Correlation between renal metabolism and cardiovascular disease

2023-02-21T14:32:41+08:00

Cardiovascular disease is the main medical burden in the world, and coronary heart disease and heart failure are the main reasons for the increase of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality year by year. There is a synergistic effect between cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Under pathological conditions, there is a significant correlation between various cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases. In this review, we discussed the effects of metabolite accumulation caused by kidney disease on multiple mechanisms of atherosclerosis from the whole process of the formation and development of atherosclerosis. These metabolites can be mainly divided into uremic toxins, intestinal metabolites, fibroblast growth factor 23, and advanced glycosylation end products. Then we summarized the effects of metabolites related to renal metabolism on heart failure according to the biological changes of patients with heart failure at three different levels.

Metabolism: A rising star in translational medicine

2023-03-01T13:30:35+08:00

Metabolic biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: A mini review

2023-09-01T13:49:31+08:00

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia worldwide, which characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory impairment, and changes in behavior and personality. The prevalence of AD is expected to rise significantly in the coming decades due to the aging population, making it a major public health concern. Mounting evidence suggests that metabolic dysregulation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD. In this mini review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the interplay between metabolism and AD. Specifically, we explore the dysregulation of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and nitrogen oxide synthesis pathways in AD. These metabolic alterations have been identified as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of AD. Additionally, we discuss the current status of research in this field, including the advancements in metabolomics and imaging techniques that have allowed for the identification and validation of metabolic biomarkers.