Advancing robotic prostate biopsy through artificial intelligence

Bogdan Maris — Wed, 31 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Robotic-assisted prostate biopsy procedures may revolutionize the field of urology by providing improved accuracy, precision, and patient comfort, together with early cancer detection and treatment. This article delves into the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the robotic system to further enhance the efficacy and efficiency of these biopsies. AI algorithms are employed for various crucial aspects of the procedure, including target localization, image fusion, needle trajectory planning, and real-time feedback. In this article, we explore the utilization of AI-driven image processing for the identification of the prostate in pre-operative and intra-operative images with the purpose of the automation of the image fusion process, as well as the identification and localization of prostate lesions. The use of a robot and AI aid in creating an intra-operative model of the prostate, facilitating precise biopsy needle placement. Furthermore, real-time AI feedback is used to track the movement of the target and to update the image fusion instantaneously. AI algorithms provide immediate guidance, alerting clinicians to any deviations from the planned trajectory, thus minimizing the risk of complications. We discuss the potential challenges and ethical considerations associated with AI integration in robotic prostate biopsy, including data privacy, transparency, and the importance of maintaining clinician expertise. Additionally, the article highlights ongoing research and development in the field, shedding light on the promising future of AI in prostate biopsy. In conclusion, the integration of artificial intelligence in robotic prostate biopsy is poised to transform the field, optimizing the diagnostic process, and improving patient outcomes. This article offers valuable insights into the current state and future prospects of AI-driven advancements in prostate biopsy procedures.

Ergonomics in colonoscopy: Its critical role in shaping future practices

Luigi Manfredi — Fri, 26 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0800

Regular screening of the large bowel is crucial for identifying pathology at an early stage, particularly for colorectal cancer, the third most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide [1]. Early detection can drastically reduce mortality rates, improve quality of life for patients [2], and decrease healthcare costs associated with treating diseases [2], [3]. Several non-invasive screening methods are cost-effective and are valuable solutions for early detection [4], such as the Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT), which can be done at home at very low cost [5]. Other new solutions are emerging, such as DNA liquid biopsies [6]. However, they are more expensive and have not yet been proven as effective as FIT.

If any of these non-invasive tests result in a positive finding, an optical colonoscopy, a visual inspection of the large bowel, is required since it can take biopsies and remove polyps before they may become cancerous [7]. Colonoscopy is a complex procedure that relies heavily on the technical skills of the operator and requires extensive training [8]. It can cause pain and discomfort for the patient and incur high costs for healthcare, including upfront costs to purchase expensive equipment and ongoing costs for cleaning and maintenance within a dedicated reprocessing unit. Additionally, this procedure poses challenges for healthcare professionals due to the lack of ergonomic design, often resulting in musculoskeletal injuries [9].

Medical Robotics

Advancing robotic prostate biopsy through artificial intelligence

Ergonomics in colonoscopy: Its critical role in shaping future practices