Community Acquired Infection

Seasonal changes in mycoplasma pneumonia and a review of influencing factors of pediatric respiratory diseases

Yihan Liu — 2023-01-31

Objective: To identify factors influencing mycoplasma pneumonia and respiratory diseases as a function of yearly seasons. Methods: Records of respiratory disease cases, as obtained from the respiratory laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University over the period from November 2013 to October 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. Susceptible factors, as related to the general data from mycoplasma pneumonia cases, included season of the year along with the age and gender of the patients. Results: Statistically significant differences in mycoplasma pneumonia were obtained among the different seasons (χ2 = 496.24, P ＜ 0.05), ages (P ＜ 0.05) and gender (χ2 = 300.10, P ＜ 0.05). The rate and number of mycoplasma pneumonia cases were highest in the winter and lowest in the summer, with the difference between these two seasons being statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Among confirmed positive cases, infection rates of mycoplasma pneumonia in young and middle-aged patients were significantly greater than that in the elderly (P ＜ 0.05) and the incidence in women was significantly greater than that in men (χ2 = 300.10, P ＜ 0.05). Among the total of all lung diseases sampled, the largest numbers were observed in pediatric cases and the peak period of disease occurrence was over the period from October to January. Conclusion: The incidence of pneumonia shows significant differences as a function of the season of the year, effects which are observed in all ages.

Bacterial network construction and molecular docking approach to study interaction of Myristica fragrans on Acne infections

Amruta Balekundri — 2023-08-14

Acne vulgaris is a very common bacterial infection caused. Herbal remedies have always give a positive response in treatment of various disease in disorders. The present study works on predicting the probable interactions between the Myristica fragrans bioactives with the bacterial targets via network pharmacology and docking techniques. The bio-actives and disease targets were obtained from open databases and literature review. Protein and pathway enrichment analysis was done by utilizing metascape and STRING tool. Cytoscape tool were utilized for construction of network. The compounds were further assessed using molsoft tools and docking was done using auto-dock tools. The potential bio-actives were selected further the network construction gave insights on the highest degree values. The targets with highest interactions were docked and the complex which showed good binding was selected. It was found that Stigmasterol and Campesterol have the highest potential and can be considered as hit compounds for further studies too.

Skin and soft tissue diseases and their treatment in society

Priya Sen — 2023-05-30

Infections of the skin and the soft tissues (SSTIs) beneath it are caused by microorganisms. Variation exists among them in terms of causes, symptoms, and intensity. Impetigo is usually caused by staphylococci. When you touch impetigo sores or their clothing, bed linen, towels, or toys, you risk contracting impetigo. When assessing patients with soft tissue complaints, it is important to take into account viral pathogenesis, especially in immunocompromised patients. It may be difficult to accurately categorise some soft-tissue pathogenic microorganisms. Among the tissues that could be impacted are the skin, skeletal muscle, fascia, and subcutaneous tissue. Impetigo is characterized by mouth and nasal sores. The wounds bleed freely, leak pus for a few days, and crust with honey. Open sores can spread via garments and towels. Itching and soreness are usually mild. Bullous impetigo develops larger blisters on newborns, babies, and children under five. Ecthyma is a severe form of impetigo that causes pus-filled lesions. When an illness is mild to moderate, antibiotics taken orally will do the trick, but when it’s severe but not complicated, antibiotics given intravenously will be required.

Tuberculosis as an infectious disease and its prevalence in society current status

Afsar Pathan — 2023-08-14

Since the beginning of recorded history, tuberculosis has been and continues to be a major health concern all over the world. Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that is caused by bacteria that are passed from person to person through the air. In the past 15 years, the number of new cases of TB as well as the number of deaths has been declining. However, TB is still a very serious condition. The lungs are the most common target of tuberculosis infection; nevertheless, the disease can attack and harm any region of the body, including the brain, kidneys, or spine. Some of the general signs of tuberculosis disease include feelings of sickness or weakness, loss of weight, fever, and sweating at night. In addition to coughing, chest pain, and blood in the sputum, other symptoms of tuberculosis lung illness may include: Signs and symptoms of tuberculosis, The treatment of tuberculosis disease includes the use of various medications, each of which must be taken for a period ranging from six months to nine months (or even longer in the case of drug-resistant TB), depending on the chosen regimen.

The emergence of nanocarriers in the management of diseases and disorders

Preeti Khulbe — 2023-04-19

Drugs can be delivered using oral nanocarriers in controlled, site-specific releases. Target receptors are physically, chemically, and biologically conjugated while administering a specific medicine. Since micro carriers have a 200 nm width, nanomedicine typically refers to objects with that size. Drugs can be delivered by nanocarriers to parts of the body that are inaccessible. Nanocarriers cannot deliver large pharmaceutical dosages due to their small size. Emulsion-based nanocarriers often have poor drug loading and encapsulation, which restricts their potential for therapeutic use. Various therapeutic nanocarriers exist. Ultrabright nanocarriers, polymeric nanocarriers, smart nanocarriers, nanocomposites, protein nanocarriers, nucleic acid-based nanocarriers, carbon nanotubes, and nanobubbles are examples of novel nanocarriers. All of them have successfully treated cancer. This review looks at targeted drug delivery methods and nanocarriers.